Unknown Speaker 00:02 But the spec be the spectacle white my I could afford me the consternation screen you're sworn to silence I was not overcome tempered by light incident my nerves disdain mystery, warmth from illuminations and music and drumming 1000s thoroughly lashed up by a new scourge, I defied spectra in a moment, without explanation. I can rush on the haunted couch. Nothing leaked out was spread or stirred all the movement was mine. So was all the life the reality, the substance, the force, as my instinct felt, tore her up being cumulus. I held her on high, the goblin. I shook her loose the mystery and down she fell down all around me down and treads and fragments and are trod upon her. She acts were the slave, she tears up the false image sends it to hell, deconstructs the fiction as it turns out, finding that the nun is a long bolster dressed in a long Blackstone and artfully invested with a white veil, mystifying religion, false hallowed images, sanctified women, virginal religious women, unreal powers, creative artifice, the whole thing is sent to Hell dismissed and shredded demystified as Lucy who was again coerced by circumstances by her own terror. But this time who is all alone, facing only a disembodied woman, a specter a creature maybe of her own mind, and maybe a convention also of convention, acts conclusively decisively and wordlessly on her instinct, she vanishes the specter from her bed. And so she can't assume that the earlier actions of teaching and acting and writing had made her feel empowered, exalted, dismissive, now she feels person she can peacefully go to sleep. She's not altogether purged adapt from this point more is the narrative. But she's, it's important that she's able boldly and conclusively to act on your own feelings. Something has been achieved. As we read it, we expect that Lucy's nose will be a love story that she will marry one or another of these men. And so our xpect and our expectations which are aroused deliberately by Charlotte contract, then deliberately jeers at us perhaps, I disappointed in the course of the novel, I think the important thing that happens instead of the love stories resolution, the love story is smooth continuing to a climax. And then a real resolution is that we are showing the story of a woman's X session to the power of acting to the power of translating her being, which I've called her desire into doing. And I think that's where I want to end except I have another sentence that maybe I should read, when she wrote Ville that Charlotte Bronte anticipated, I think, our interest in what to do as opposed to what to be, which is the focus of the traditional novel that is dominated by the heterosexual plot. Who Lucy is finally the answer to the question, Who are you Lucy snow is what she can do, but she does what she has done. And this novel suggests that, that a woman can act and that her actions as opposed to her lineage, which comes from or, indeed, what she makes herself is what's important. And for that reason, I think that which is in the tradition is non traditional. Unknown Speaker 04:07 Stand up just because of this. Unknown Speaker 04:21 I'm not going to talk about plot, structure really. And why I'm going while I'm going to be emphasizing the differences in the development and writing by women of color, and white women. I could also be talking in maybe another conference about the similarities and the the Unknown Speaker 04:53 development requires. You've heard my talk, I believe else actually. Because I've studied more as a writer than a researcher or Unknown Speaker 05:19 any other anthropologist, or folklorist, and the reason that I've looked at any of these forms and structures of development is to enhance my own writing, fiction, poetry and literary criticism. And to help in my teaching, so that I can get an understanding, and he's preliminarily of where our writing comes from, in order to see where it might be going. And I think understanding that processes is crucial to placing the work of women of color in the context of war literature. And there are a couple of impressions that I've gotten, which I think are elemental to, to understanding that place, our place in World Literature. The first and really the most elemental, is to accept that there is indeed a tradition of literature among women of color, and that it grows out of elements very specific to that culture to those cultures, just as does the literature of anyone else. And I know this may seem somewhat obvious, but as a black woman who sometimes publishes in non black publications, it's, that's something that's frequently overlooked. When I read books by women of color, published by white controlled presses, sometimes it is so clear to me that this book has been published because she is a woman of color has nothing to do with her skills. As a writer, I can look at a book and see clear like editing, I can see the existence of haphazard analysis, incomplete research poor the the auditor fees for grammar, and I wonder if the publishers and the editor would have treated a white writer, so sloppily. And I realized that the editor is bending over so far backwards, because possibly they feel it is miracle that they've got this manuscript at all, from this. And while that grows out of a tradition or an attempt to be liberal and act affirmatively, it can go off to the other side and be racist. There's the dancing dog theory, which Linda Powell mentioned in conditions lie in a dialogue that we had about black homeless criticism, in which he says, A man standing on a street corner, whatever, really, really blind or whatever, and he has this dog and he encourages everyone to come and see this dancer dogs is wonderful. And people go up with his dog, and there's just music and dogs hopping around. But it is snowing, dancing. So but for dogs, it's good, you know. So the dancing dog approach to black women's writing puts us at a severe disadvantage. When we begin to look back at the body of literature that has been published. It is not a miracle that black women are writing. It's only that it has evolved from other beginnings. Unlike classic system, old, I do not believe that creative gifts are simply blessings from God, I'm more inclined to look at them. As legacies from my ancestors. I mean, this that is a religious concept. But I feel like you know, my great grandmother and the other men and women who came together to create the progeny and to create genealogy to produce me are my music. And while I share a good deal of the prevailing cultural history and experiences this country like I speak English, I've always spoken English, urban, educated, a large portion of my cultural experience is totally alien to this American society. And in fact, many of the European systems of thought and attitudes toward culture specifically, might be considered antithetical to the very primal impulse in my life experience. And the blending of these some say opposing others would say complimentary forces. The blending of these gives birth to the work that I do. You are all already familiar with European traditions, and most of them are very figures, including feminists tend to use the same reference points in development. Unknown Speaker 10:02 But, but the African life the African life, the lay of American traces a different route. Both groups languages were traditionally spoken, rather than written. And I think this is the key for me in looking at the literature of women of color in this country. For centuries, black and brown people maintain their sense of history and culture, through a meal, or storyteller, who would recount family lines going back several generations, revealing not only names and relationships, but often colorful and specific anecdotes full of intricate motivations. moral laws were learn through a complex systems system of fables, none of which were written down until very recently, when Africans were stolen and brought to this country, tribes were deliberately separated to prevent that communication. And for economic reasons, they didn't want people to get together to be able to plan to escape. So because Africa is man of many tribes, many, many languages, which don't overlap or interrelate, necessarily, tribes were split up. So that people would arrive in this country and never be able to speak the same language of the people with whom they live, in fact, the default limit for possible years until they were able to communicate, still information about life in Africa, about the Middle Passage, and about the concept of freedom itself. We're all passed down all in spite of all of these barriers that were presented. Often Africans veil their messages in Christian songs like the ones we've heard this morning. And there have been studies done going through some of these gospel songs, outlining where in fact, songs like go down, Moses were often used as code words for escapes and things like this. They often use Christian songs and rituals in order to prevent slave owners from suspecting them of being able to communicate with each other. Frederick Douglass master said that learning unfit a nigger for slavery. And of course, he was right. And that's why blacks were forbidden in this country to learn to learn to read for quite a long time, because it was clear that while the oral tradition helped Africans to survive in their captivity, ultimately, in order to continue to survive, them have to learn and know that their captors and most of that was written, rather than transmitted orally. And when Gutenberg invented the printing press, he created the answer to traditional Western European need to have all knowledge under control, or to put it in some sort of box, and then usually sell it. Unknown Speaker 13:12 But we're tribal culture. Things were not set apart that way. Culture was not something that you want the best ticket in the house and went to Unknown Speaker 13:27 it was not something you curled up in an easy chair with in quadrophonic, sound, rituals, and all the cultural manifestations we participated in, as a body as a unit. Much like that choir Sung and moved as one voice this morning. The rituals of religion form the core cultural life, encompassing all of the art forms. And the rituals have touched all facets of African life, hunting, farming, rolling up marriage, courtship, death. And the spiritual subtext, the life of the ancestors, who continue to live around, they did not disappear to this cultural element was a unifying link between the people, not a pastime. Another aspect of the development of the literary tradition, and again, this is an elementary idea for some is that the sound of the human voice has an important role in oral communication. While we do understand that, to a certain extent, I mean, we can read self help books and they teach you how to sound like you know what we're talking about. How to sit. So you look like we're talking about we really don't I have much more than intellectual understanding of the effect of repetitive chanting the importance of the pitches of your voice when you're delivering something. Understanding it intellectually is one thing. But really learning how to use that as a craft in your writing, or how to respond to it. I think it's something else entirely. One of the problems with doing a presentation like this is that you really need to give me examples of things. And so as I said earlier, I could be here for two days. So a couple of things, I'm just going to read this. This is a section from a poem, which is a poem is a series of voices and alone on the page. This particular section may not mean very much, but it's really in the hearing. Unknown Speaker 16:02 Theoretically, this this is the last section in six. Oh, girl, I heard that brown skinned woman across the way of marriage, you know, Unknown Speaker 16:21 ain't my business schools but who wouldn't think it? And she ain't no child. Pressing that, you know, she called me a fool me. Course, she don't bother nobody Aquinas can be with them hands on the weekends, though. Yeah, girl, that Browns can win across the way as you know. Yes, I know. When I wrote that section, I was trying to craft that and all the other sections, so that when you read the poem, you get the rhythm of the voices, the feeling of communication, conversation, and somehow you would fall into the pit. Now, other black women who have heard that woman in particular or others like her, will pick it up like that. But I wanted to write it so that someone who hadn't heard those voices would fall into it feel the cadences because those are important voices. Those are the voices of culture that I carry with me and that have taught me how to write. Black women have been cheated or really cheated themselves, sometimes out of many opportunities to hear and have voices like that heard from the first publications of work by black women in the 1800s, like beginning, Phyllis Wheatley, or Harriet Wilson, who had the first fiction published in this country by a black person. From that time, we have felt compelled to justify our existence, rather than to explore it. The fiction and poetry almost obsessively follow European form, narrative, realism, things like that, in spite of our instincts, and the subject matter was bent to meet the politics rather than ego. Black women wrote for the most part about fair skinned heroines, primarily from the middle class, who were all very well educated and suffered enormous conflicts of conscience, these people were created in order to prove to the larger world that blacks would be human. So that earlier periods of development in black literature hardly reflect the shape of black lives in this country. And I would say also as black lesbian writing, looking back to find those voices becomes even more complex because the codes go into deeply obscure to know number one who is a lesbian who is running and, and how far they have veiled what they had to write, as did the white light white was one of the more interesting clues is looking at blue signs. There's a whole album of Goossens called AC DC rules and on IT people like Jesse Smith sang songs BD blues and proven a song about a woman who says, you know how all the gossip talks about receiving really what you got to try to react to do anything. So there's that tradition really, of songwriting really speaks to black lesbians about them. Expressing. Interestingly enough, we've read comic and light hearted ways in relationships. For Native Americans, their language was all but dismissed except for a few eccentric anthropologist, initial attempts to transcribe any chance, left a mystified group of academics feeling that the simple mindedness of Indian thought was of no value. The repetition of sounds and ideas outside of the cultural context, felt dry page. The poetry was lost often because researchers simply did not believe as they were translating that Indians were capable of visionary images. I want to read a contatti which was translated Rome, an Aztec language. And there's a series of about 90 of these extant commentaries which were used to entertain Montezuma to get written by Unknown Speaker 21:10 poets delicious is the song and as I would gilded Porn was lifted through a conch or bowl, the sky song passing through my lips, like sun shot Jade, I make the pure song glow, lifting fumes of flower firing is single making fragrance before the ever present. Unknown Speaker 21:43 These translations are just now coming into existence as translators and educators are beginning to read look at Native American culture and assume that it must have had similar value as we have heard the language of Native Americans parity so often, in western movies or television, that we never really understood that the sounds were as important as the meaning and frequently the meaning could be quite beautiful. Of the black urban experience, which is primarily what I talked about keep and you have to keep in mind that there is a wide range of experience, I could be talking about the black room experience or the black suburban experience. And that's only in America. So I focus primarily on the black ribbons. And that has yielded many manifestations of the survivor oral tradition. Unknown Speaker 22:50 Every black woman in this country has a hair story. Hair has an eye this is true of white women too. Unknown Speaker 22:59 For black woman has become a nemesis is come to symbolize all that is wrong innately biologically, wrongs your existence. We spent hours crushed between the needs of our mothers and grandmothers and aunts. While they try to control the unruly masses of nappy hair that white society can degrade and shameful. Later, we spent hours in the secret comfort of torturous Beauty Salons trying to make our hair resemble that of the white resaw phrase everywhere. Ironically, these became places to learn women's culture. Here we've heard in real fashion stories about our great grandmother's first marriage or the more lessons needed out for indiscretions or remedies for heartbreak. That totally female place became a place of communication frequently in the form of gossip, which I think only Male Society has decided was totally destructive. And I would say that one person's gossip is another person storyteller. Again, it was the art this art of conversation that was cultivated that earlier poet and I read that I wrote could just have easily been transcribed from some conversation. On the streets, street corner games were all developed around WordPress and with something like the dozens which was a gamer she traded insults. The dozens is through several people stand around, presumably their friends, good friends. And someone will say God You're so ugly, you look like you get hit in the face with a bag full of Craigslist image. I don't know where that was one when I was a kid, I came from the thought that was pretty disgusting. Then your friend would say, Oh yeah, we use the one who you're faced with may change. And then the next person who says, oh, yeah, well, I hope it gives me a dime, so I can call the police and have you arrested. So these are people like each other. So the game, that particular game, where you traded insults, it was still is a common pastime, escalated building on ideas and building on as a contest of wit. And black males have been recognized as sort of creating and developing that art form, much like they develop the art form of rapid. But in fact, young black women were always adept at it in their own little and had others that boys never even bothered with. And usually they were had were rooted in again, sharpness, of wit, quickness in language, and rhythms. There's one game that was very common when I was younger, was like a numbers circle, we all stood around in a circle. And each person had a number in sequence, their 10 people, each person was one through 10. And you set up a rhythm. And then you 122123 And you go back and forth like that. Okay, well, that was that's really intricate pattern that women can use. And I know black women use constantly in their sense of playing back and forth in language. And it's very recognizable in black humans living in tiny life, and it grows out of that kind of game. These forms of communication help to develop a distinctly different attitude about the transmission of ideas. While the written word was always treasured as a means of achieving freedom, both physical and economic, economic. The written word has also been derided because of the oppressive content of much printed matter that you've been faced with, and that includes Unknown Speaker 27:40 many, much of the writing of modern feminist. Still today, quote unquote, feminist public anthologies collection studies, just totally neglect the existence of black women, other women of color, with several excuses sometimes, well, quote, unquote, that isn't the focus of this piece, or there's still too much research to be done there. Or as Unknown Speaker 28:16 I asked Unknown Speaker 28:19 feminist, a white feminist writer who done a study of women's relationships, essentially why she had any mention this entire study, which is quite popular, in most case studies, programs, and her response was there really wasn't enough material. Unknown Speaker 28:51 Because third world women have taken a different path of development, literary conditions, that does not negate its importance. Black women were not buying large filling journals, or posting letters to their distantly idle friends. But the traditional their lives was setting groundwork for the hard edges of June Jordan in the flights of fancy of anisakis showing time has shown that we can master traditional forms on subjects people like Noah Larson and Jesse posit and the current that New Yorker writer Andrea who interestingly enough, is writing about legendary for a light skinned woman in her conflict, a project just like Nella Larsen 1850. We can master these traditional crafts and subjects but it is the digressions from this path that yield the most the bomb lives. These are on Jordan, your person 20s and 30s. We created the lives of poor black women using their vivid language patterns and driving rhythms, including in wonderful books there after watching God's a wonderful transcription of the desert. Where this guy starts on this woman is she you know. Unknown Speaker 30:27 When she did that white male writers of the Harlem Renaissance denigrated her work. People like Paul Laurence Dunbar or Langston Hughes indicated that her writing was primitive, and that the characters were irrelevant in the modern world. Civil Rights movement of the 60s brought some fresh air into that arena, black women, once again started to try to write from the larger experience. They did write about racism, and try to express their humanity. But they also reclaimed their old traditional casting their words, from the sounds that we were all familiar with. And this was also the height of public performance of poetry probably in his country, Unknown Speaker 31:15 much. Much that was in the 60s, by utilizing the values or traditions is not often very good. Since it really had to bend to certain uses of revolutionary politics. While Nikki Giovanni was able to inspire hundreds of poetry readings or demonstrations, her work outside of that specific context, frequently does not stand up is both mostly written in rhetoric and literary tradition. It fills orally, but does not take that oral tradition a step further and create on the page, something that has meaning 20 years later, who's not true all of her work, normally the book of women writing in that period, but the predominant didn't go back and look at it and wonder what all the excitement was about and have to understand it was created a specific political context into Zaki Xiang gay took that need to tell stories, and that bombastic style of the 60s and biting wit, that black interviews and crafted for cold Girls who Considered Suicide when the rainbow is enough. Part of the reason for that works major success was that it was a presentational piece. That is, it was written to the bird. And it was performed before it hit Broadway and numerous bars on the west coast of New York, and was crafted and shaped to be heard. And most of the poems do stand on their own on the page, because Shang was able to go beyond the 60s rhetoric and move on to the craft of the words. And on the page. The oral body is really evident. When you read the words you hear the words because of the way she's able to refine and shape it. Show Clark's book of poems, narratives poems in the traditional black women, those just a bit further, the phone's off the narrative framework, yet they often reach for expression in the more abstract mystical. And the predominating force of mysticism which still exists in black life today, even though it's often unconscious lurks beneath the surface of all of her work, and tends to create this quality of conspiracy among the women who read it. So that you feel that the women in the book are conspiring among themselves are gossiping among themselves, and you are drawn into that conspiracy. And that is to be able to create that kind of bond is really very special quality. Other writers like Toy downclock and fiction writers like Luigi Brown and Toni Morrison I do that as well. Audrey Lords book, zombie reads at times like a traditional autobiography, she calls it vital that fog put the book is framed by spirit of legend, and I think she deliberately uses overstatement, episodic chapters, largely To my characters, as if she were telling a story and not writing a story. Well, let's just evolve, wrote, don't explain a biography of a holiday for young adults. She created an epic poem. That is a narration of the day's life and a dramatic script. she weaves the voices into the text seamlessly letting them speak for themselves. The narrative voice interacts with the characters in a personal way, involving the reader once again. Unknown Speaker 35:38 Joy Harjo Native American uses, specifically Native American configurations and her poetry. It frequently takes on the repetitive cadence of chanting. The title poem of her book she had some horses is the result of a carefully tuned sensibility, she is able to hear both in the present and in the past. So the reports evoke the ritualistic drawing in an energy which can represent so that unlike the anthropologists who read, listen to or try to transcribe trans chants, 50 years ago, they had no idea why we stayed we repeated over and over and over and over again. They had no concept of the principle. You call it religious or psychic, whatever non european principle of drawing energy to yourself, and that was what the repetition is doing. Doing hard those chants reflect that drawn in of energy and using energy for women's purpose. The poems, although they use that ancient face, reflect her mind and experience in her survival is country. I don't think that it's an accident that most of the writers who came to mind when I tried to gather together women made, most obvious use of oral traditions will primarily pose. But that's another talk. But there are prose writers whose work represent that tradition to think specifically of writing them sapphire, who returns to Ella Wolf and fables, economy flourishing African society, she writes, satire is full bodied peacocks and cute little pigs. And in only incantations as prefaces to suicide a few of her pieces have been published because he does do them at readings, and stands as a modern day deal for other black women writers. As Walker has talked about the voices that she writes, and this is more than eccentric obfuscation of her methods, it is an attempt to communicate the different ways that people experience life. We're still exploring how to make those voices heard in a way that is most natural for us. Many of us have tried to devise new ways of describing what we do such as for your clan or violent photography, simply to avoid being put into that unsuitable box. But the first breakthrough for us has been recognition of those voices. And we now say out loud that we do have a history of women that we acknowledged and valued. And I think that the sound of those voices speaking through us from those past centuries, continues to be exciting and challenging. And frequently, merely the choice of topic is a break from the tradition of black women in this country. And as we go on, I think we will see more of an expansion of our use of language to create once again, the ritual of sharing and communication Unknown Speaker 39:25 more than Unknown Speaker 39:28 a lecture like today because reading is not supposed to be like watching Unknown Speaker 40:00 With the underwriting speaking was awesome it was certainly I feel like these are I can write Unknown Speaker 40:25 a poem about this at all Unknown Speaker 40:54 will get to that by not looking at a stop stop I got with me Unknown Speaker 41:18 Why Unknown Speaker 41:26 don't play the Unknown Speaker 41:26 same game and sometimes in traditional media I mean not only Native American and so I have to say ready for me to make the right choice for people who are innovative or time Unknown Speaker 43:01 right since this isn't doesn't make sense just feel like Unknown Speaker 43:48 it wouldn't make sense Unknown Speaker 43:54 I think this Unknown Speaker 43:55 is the wanting to stay true to your writing Unknown Speaker 44:05 but maybe maybe to take a Unknown Speaker 44:13 look at us Unknown Speaker 44:17 wondering major cultural forces is immediate Unknown Speaker 44:23 and we go to Unknown Speaker 44:27 meetings most of us here to go here on Unknown Speaker 44:45 this experience of community events if you've saved somewhere I think these are Unknown Speaker 45:10 as, you know, the format of this particular gathering I really unsatisfactory is with the machine rather than the way. I mean, there was something distinctly different that was like, number one and three and finally, you know, here we are now the way that we communicate is that, to me, that's much more intimate, but also much I began to listen to the case. But it's, it's deadly when it comes to women and I think there is in academic circles I think Unknown Speaker 46:04 fires that it is a participatory reading I enjoy sitting out there looking back Unknown Speaker 46:23 and it's very interesting. My cup in my country is very similar to the end and therefore I believe very strongly Unknown Speaker 46:35 and very strongly in a way that kind of chanting I am so sensitive to that. When Scott you know something that if you've experienced, what the various is, it's addictive. And so therefore, this is something though that was totally alien to my culture, because I grew up in a certain kind of church I Unknown Speaker 47:13 feel very strongly Unknown Speaker 47:16 and this is something about oral communication and any kind of communication that that Unknown Speaker 47:28 goes on directly. Unknown Speaker 47:30 That is so much more Unknown Speaker 47:31 powerful Unknown Speaker 47:34 than the kind of communication that academia and also in terms of everything but the death and teaching I mean so many I'm a teacher and I'm thinking of what if I was Unknown Speaker 47:51 assembly art Unknown Speaker 47:56 and I am the voice Unknown Speaker 47:59 I could just invent it it's so seductive and we don't use it just like to remind people despite imperialism that they receive what's to come to them both traditions both press people and discuss the possible what's going on to see you great to be back Unknown Speaker 49:36 wining and dining, drinking it says it's very ambiguous in there. wasn't it that wasn't a secret but her name was Ashley and Unknown Speaker 50:15 more unfamiliar Unknown Speaker 50:17 with Russia let it also be possible to perform the activities in such a way that will please Unknown Speaker 50:32 Esther on the other hand who Unknown Speaker 50:33 wins and becomes the second thing by the beauty contest does she just the traditional Nancy Reagan people this amazing concept you know that she's so the she plays the game she doesn't say yes yeah but she's doing this case this Unknown Speaker 51:20 is a deliberate choice and one of Unknown Speaker 51:26 the articles I Unknown Speaker 51:29 wrote about it we should still get that and the tiredness is still isn't quite there so the whole thing is going against with illusions different kinds of different ways to do accents Unknown Speaker 51:59 to do so is to express yourself and do you express yourself Express Unknown Speaker 52:10 part of what we're talking about here I think comes together Unknown Speaker 52:19 in concert Unknown Speaker 52:21 every year at the same time and that's something that's very important jurisdiction is this value necessarily matter champion and reputation and tell the story of coming up with a flavor every year in this creates orally pleasing creative every little girl power early to avoid poetry Start Unknown Speaker 54:20 right so, Unknown Speaker 54:30 I can make I can I can Unknown Speaker 54:32 get the name Unknown Speaker 54:34 the woman that wrote the book H H. Unknown Speaker 54:41 Tilde and wrote an initial HD content a male mentor to society that she thinks he Unknown Speaker 54:59 is But what about the recent departure from creating a new platform as a form of Unknown Speaker 55:13 well Fed Chair change somewhat simply the fact that that's the conventions in the course of the 20th century anyway. And the attitudes towards health acceptability there. On the other hand, there's a certain amount of repetition of potential costs and what kind of a kind of attempt to avoid effectively creating the lesson is really avoided doesn't solve the problem Unknown Speaker 55:59 before nothing happened to them that perhaps, but that still doesn't do what you got yet what happens when this is the normal things were the conditions that we had a session with a couple of weeks before? It doesn't tell you what happened afterwards. So, when the sun shone through their perceptual Unknown Speaker 56:35 circumscribe? Unknown Speaker 56:43 agenda the extent to which it says purchasing interested has been purchased and short story short story The condition had a wonderful set of short stories and Jamie began to write a book and attempted to talk and then stops work against costs I had a whole series it's America center for not having hero Harris Unknown Speaker 57:36 and more recently Mexico and short story there's much more flexibility don't have to have this structure for the Present Poetry and short stories we can talk about today Unknown Speaker 58:08 constellation Unknown Speaker 58:14 is still not quite enough the structure itself needs to be completely finished stand by Unknown Speaker 58:44 iPhone short story there's a whole division of the people presented which is all in sacrifice when you say possibility. Future but as a publisher possibility to work with you All right